Introduction: Cardinal Components is a leading quartz crystal oscillator and manufacturer offering a wide range of frequency control products in standard through-hole and surface mount metal, plastic, or ceramic material packages. TCXO, VCXO, and VCXO oscillators, as well as standard clock oscillators and quartz crystals, have strict tolerances, wide temperature ranges, and standard specifications. The Cardinal has launched the world's first real-time on-site programmable oscillator called FIPO. The company has obtained ISO-9002 certification.